Apache OpenOffice - Arch Linux 中文维基

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# Apache OpenOffice

出自 Arch Linux 中文维基
注意：官方支持已從 Apache OpenOffice 轉向 LibreOffice，這是該項目的「文檔基金會」分支，其中還包括增強功能和附加功能。請參閱 放棄 Oracle OpenOffice (arch-general)。

來自為什麼選擇 Apache OpenOffice：

  Apache OpenOffice 是領先的開源辦公軟體套件，用於文字處理、電子表格、演示文稿、圖形、資料庫等。它支持多種語言，並且可以在所有常見計算機上運行。它將所有數據存儲在國際開放標準格式中，並且還可以讀寫其他常見辦公軟體包的文件。它可以免費下載並用於任何目的。

## Installation

Install the openoffice-binAUR package or compile it from source. It is recommended to also install Java.

### Microsoft fonts

Official Microsoft fonts are useful to prevent pagination problems. Check the Microsoft fonts wiki page.

### Extension management and spell checking

The Arch package is now shipped with some dictionaries. Check Extension manager if your language is already there simply by loading up any OpenOffice program (Writer for example) and access the Extension Manager from the Tools menu. From there enter the following location to install a spell check dictionary:

    /usr/lib/openoffice/share/extension/install/

注意：If you installed LibreOffice, the path will be `/usr/lib/libreoffice/share/extensions/` instead and extensions are currently all already known to the system.

Alternatively, there are several ways to accomplish this:

- Use the Extension manager from OpenOffice menu for download and installation - installs only for the user into their `~/.openoffice.org/3/user/uno_packages/cache`
- Download the extension and install it using `/usr/lib/openoffice/program/unopkg add extension` for the user
- Download the extension and install it using `/usr/lib/openoffice/program/unopkg add --shared extension` for every user on the system (requires root permission)

#### Spellchecker

For spellchecking you will need hunspell包 and dictionary for hunspell (like hunspell-en_us包, hunspell-de包, etc), for hyphenation rules you will need hyphen包 (hyphen-en包, hyphen-de包, etc) and for a thesaurus, libmythes包.

#### Other extensions installed by default

- pdfimport.oxt - Ability to import PDF files in Draw and Impress
- presenter-screen.oxt - When using two displays this plugin provides more control over slideshow
- sun-presentation-minimizer.oxt - Reduce file size of current presentation
- wiki-publisher.oxt - Allows to create Wiki articles on MediaWiki servers without having to know the syntax of the MediaWiki markup language

### Installing macros

In most Linux distributions, the default path for macros is:

    ~/.openoffice.org/3/user/Scripts/

The path for this directory in Arch Linux is:

    ~/.config/.openoffice.org/3/user/Scripts/

Macros are not guaranted to work in both OpenOffice and LibreOffice, but it is possible to choose a common directory for them. Choose the path in Tools > Options > LibreOffice/OpenOffice > Paths The default path for LibreOffice macros in Arch Linux is:

    ~/.config/libreoffice/4/user/Scripts/

注意：If you intend to use macros, you must have a Java Runtime Environment. This behavior is a default, but disabling it speeds up the loading time.

### Install TrueType fonts

To add fonts to those already available in OpenOffice, run `spadmin`.

## Theme

OpenOffice supports to use several toolkits for drawing and integrates into different desktop environments in a clean way. To choose by hand, you need to set the `OOO_FORCE_DESKTOP` environment variable. Its possible values are gnome and kde4.

To configure the look for anytime OpenOffice gets started, you can export the `OOO_FORCE_DESKTOP` variable in `/etc/profile.d/openoffice.sh`, or in `/usr/bin/soffice`. Alternatively you can put the variable in any OpenOffice desktop file in `Exec` line between `Exec` and the command, then copy them to `$XDG_DATA_HOME/applications` in order to prevent overwriting on update.

### KDE4/Qt4 look and feel

Check Uniform look for Qt and GTK applications for a broad application, general tips and other methods to achieve it.

#### Use different configuration from general theme

Do not select Use my KDE style in GTK applications. Instead choose a native syle and font for GTK 2 applications.

Use a program like gtk-chtheme包 to select a style (in general different from KDE) and a font (may be the same as your KDE general system font). There are also other GTK engine packages available.

There are two relevant parts of the OpenOffice options dialog, View and Fonts:

- View
  - Set scale to 100%
  - Set use system font OFF (otherwise replacement table will not be used)
  - Set antialiasing OFF

- Fonts
  - Select Use replacement table
  - Replace Andale Sans UI (you must type this in -- it is not in the drop down list) with another font (your KDE system font or another if this looks bad)
  - Press the tick symbol to update the list
  - Select Always and Screen only
  - Press OK

When choosing fonts for OpenOffice note that the poor font rendering engine included in the package may not render a particular font in the same way as other applications on the desktop.

## Speed up OpenOffice

Some settings may improve OpenOffice's loading time and responsiveness. However, some also increase RAM usage, so use them carefully. They can all be accessed under Tools > Options.

- Under Memory:
  - Reduce the number of Undo > Number of steps to a figure lower than 100, to something like 40 or 50 steps
  - Under Graphics cache, set Use for OpenOffice to 128 MB (up from the original 20MB).
  - Set Memory per object to 20MB (up from the default 5MB)
  - If you use OpenOffice often, check OpenOffice Quickstarter
- Under Java, uncheck Use a Java runtime environment

注意：For a list of functionality which depends on OpenOffice Java support, see this page: http://wiki.services.openoffice.org/wiki/Java.

## Troubleshooting

### Font substitution

These settings can be changed in the OpenOffice options. From the drop-down menu, select Tools > Options > OpenOffice > Fonts. Check the box that says Apply Replacement Table. Type `Andale Sans UI` in the font box and choose your desired font for the Replace with option. When done, click the checkmark. Then choose the Always and Screen only options in the box below. Click OK. You will then need to go to Tools > Options > OpenOffice > View, and uncheck Use system font for user interface. If you use a non-antialised font, such as Arial, you will also need to uncheck Screen font antialiasing before menu fonts render correctly.

### Anti-aliasing

Execute:

    $ echo "Xft.lcdfilter: lcddefault" | xrdb -merge

To make the change persistent, add `Xft.lcdfilter: lcddefault` to your `~/.Xresources` file[1].

If this does not work, make sure you are running `$ xrdb -merge ~/.Xresources` every time you launch Xorg. If you do not have this file, you will have to create it.

### Spell checking problems

As of OpenOffice 3.0.0-2, various dictionaries may be buggy due to a character encoding problem. To solve this issue, follow the following instructions.

Find where the particular openoffice distribution places its dictionary files; e.g., `pacman -Ql openoffice-base`. Most distibutions follow the convention of installing these to `/usr/lib/openoffice/share/extension/install`. Once the directory has been found, assign it to a shell variable:

    droot="/usr/lib/openoffice/share/extension/install"

Install unzip包 and zip包 packages in order to be able to extract and compress the dictionary files.

For reference, get a list of languages whose dictionary files are packaged with the base distribution:

    cd "$droot" && ls | sed -rn 's,^dict-(..)\.oxt$,\1,p'

Define a list of languages whose dictionary files are to be fixed:

    lang="en es"

Extract the target languages' dictionary files and convert the erroneous encoding to UTF-8:

    tmp="/tmp/dictfix-$USER-$$"

    mkdir "$tmp"
    cd "$tmp"

    for i in $lang; do
        i="$droot/dict-$i.oxt"
        unzip "$i" -d oxt.tmp
        iconv -f ISO-8859-15 -t UTF-8 oxt.tmp/dictionaries.xcu > dict.tmp
        mv dict.tmp oxt.tmp/dictionaries.xcu
        (cd oxt.tmp && zip -r "$i" .)
    done

    rm -rf "$tmp"

Finally, use the OpenOffice extension manager (available through the Tools menu) to install the dictionary from the resulting `dict-xx.oxt` file(s).

### Dark GTK themes, icons and GTK-Qt Engine

Older OpenOffice/LibreOffice versions would start in High Contrast Mode if you use dark GTK themes. This might prevent you from changing High Contrast Icons or Calc cell background coloring is completely disabled.

In newer version of OpenOffice / LibreOffice ( > 3.2.x), possible solutions may be:

- You could manually configure UI colors via Tools > Options > Appearance, yet Impress and Calc may stay dark.
- Another solution is to disable Automatically detect high-contrast mode of operation system in LibreOffice > Accessibility (> LO 4.1.x).

Now the colors can be configured in Options > Appearance and the selection of another iconset is possible again.

### Hanging when using NFSv3 shares

If OpenOffice hangs when trying to open/save a document located on a NFSv3 share, try prepending the following lines with a `#` in `/usr/lib/openoffice/program/soffice`.:

    SAL_ENABLE_FILE_LOCKING=1
    export SAL_ENABLE_FILE_LOCKING

If you wish to avoid `/usr/lib/openoffice/program/soffice` overwriting on update just copy it in `/usr/local/bin`. Original post here.

### Fixing Java framework error

You may get the following error when you try to run OpenOffice:

    [Java framework] Error in function createSettingsDocument (elements.cxx).
    javaldx failed!

If so, give yourself ownership of `~/.config/` like so:

    # chown -vR username:users ~/.config

Post on Arch Linux Forums.

### OpenOffice does not detect my certificates

If you cannot see the certificates when trying to sign a document, you will need to have the certificates configured in Firefox (or Thunderbird). If after that OpenOffice still does not show them, set the `MOZILLA_CERTIFICATE_FOLDER` environment variable pointing to your Firefox (or Thunderbird) folder.

    export MOZILLA_CERTIFICATE_FOLDER=$HOME/.mozilla/firefox/XXXXXX.default/

See more about certificate detection.

Apache OpenOffice
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